As Vladimir Putin retains his strong grip on political power in Russia, growing networks of conservative actors in the United States have drawn together the potential political futures of both countries (Stoeckl and Uzlaner, eds. 2020). Since the mid 2010s, conservative support for Russia has increased, a trend which continued during the commencement of the Ukrainian invasion in February 2022 (Gallup, 2022). Despite the bipartisan condemnation of the invasion and the humanitarian concerns expressed by many on the political left, several vocal leaders on the Christian right continue to express support for Putin and his authoritarian regime, and as data has demonstrated, this has significantly impacted the favorability that Americans show for Russia, especially the conservative far-right (Perry, Samuel L., 2021).

Climate change is the greatest existential threat to humanity. Throughout high school, I have connected myself to a massive global movement of youth fighting to change this. Over the past four years, I have dedicated my time to pursuing policy solutions to environmental issues and spearheading climate education initiatives in my local community, as well as at the national and global levels. Through these projects, I’ve engaged with other inspiring activists and learned the importance of collaboration and leadership - especially among young people whose futures are most impacted by global warming. When it came time for me to conduct my own research study in my senior year of high school, which I later submitted to Regeneron Science Talent Search, there was no question in my mind that I wanted to explore the social and political dimensions of climate change.

Recall that the problem statement of my project is to quickly and autonomously navigate and map a burning building, identify trapped inhabitants, and send recovery/escape routes to firefighters as fast as possible. During my background investigation of this subject, I discovered that navigating fires has traditionally posed a challenge for robotic systems. Traditional LiDAR (Light based) sensors are often employed for SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping: A class of perception and mapping algorithms), but these sensors lose accuracy significantly in smoke. Meanwhile, SONAR (Soundwave-based) or RADAR (Radio-based) mapping systems are often very bulky and technically complex, making them challenging to incorporate onto a dynamic robotic system. This posed a perception challenge: to develop a novel perception and navigation system that can function effectively in a fire environment.